750-2 | Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance determinants in public genomic data of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates from Brazil | Autores: Moisés Vasco de Freitas (UFERSA - UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL RURAL DO SEMI-ÁRIDO) ; Yasmin Luíse Lucena E Silva (UFERSA - UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL RURAL DO SEMI-ÁRIDO) ; Clara Myrla Wanderly Santos Abreu (UFERSA - UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL RURAL DO SEMI-ÁRIDO) ; Gabriel Belo Cavalcante Linhares (UFERSA - UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL RURAL DO SEMI-ÁRIDO) ; Francisco Sérvulo de Oliveira Carvalho (UFERSA - UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL RURAL DO SEMI-ÁRIDO, UFC - UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO CEARÁ) ; Caio Augusto Martins Aires (UFERSA - UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL RURAL DO SEMI-ÁRIDO) |
Resumo: Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a Gram-negative diplococcus responsible for gonorrhoea, the second most prevalent sexually transmitted bacterial infection on the planet. The rapid development of resistance to current antimicrobial treatment is a matter of concern. In this context, genomic studies have brought a new perspective to the understanding of resistance mechanisms in N. gonorrhoeae. This study aimed to analyse the prevalence of genetic determinants of antimicrobial resistance in Brazilian isolates of N. gonorrhoeae. Data corresponding to bacterial genomes were collected from the NCBI genome database using the "pathogen detection" tool. The search was performed on March 31, 2023, by selecting the following filters: group of organisms, N. gonorrhoeae; location, Brazil; type of isolation, clinical; host, Homo sapiens. The results were exported in a table (CSV format) automatically generated by the AMRFinderPlus software, followed by a simple descriptive statistical analysis. 128 genomes of N. gonorrhoeae isolated in Brazil were analysed. The wild type B gene (resistance to antibacterial free fatty acids) was detected in 99.2% of the samples. The folP gene associated with resistance to sulfonamides, showed the R228S mutation (96.1%). Regarding the genes that regulate the efflux pumps, mtrA and norM were found in all isolates. 115 (89.8%) strains had a complete mtrC gene. The mtrR gene presented the mutations: A39T, A-53del, G45D, in 43%, 37.5% and 2.3% of the isolates, respectively. As for beta-lactam resistance genes, penA showed 14 different types of mutations. In ponA, L421P was present in 68.8% of the samples, and in porB1B, 4 different mutations were found. In rpoD, the only mutation observed was DDDA92del, present in 2 isolates. Additionally, 29.7% of the samples presented the blaTEM gene. In gyrA and parC, several mutations have been reported that interfere with susceptibility to quinolones. For tetracycline resistance determinants, the tet(M) was observed in 39.1% of the samples and V57M was the only mutation observed in the rpsJ gene. Finally, resistance to macrolides was associated with the G70D mutation in the rplD gene. The mutations may be associated with reduced susceptibility to antimicrobials alone or in conjunction with other mutations. In summary, N. gonorrhoeae strains from Brazil demonstrate remarkable rates of resistance-associated mutations. In addition, genomic analysis emerges as a fundamental tool for monitoring the emergence of these mutations. Palavras-chave: Bacterial genome, Multidrug resistance genes, Neisseria gonorrhoeae |